手法を比較

	適応的統制群実験デザイン	統制群実験計画
分野	実験計画法	実験計画法
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1994 (formal adaptive framework); wider adoption 2000s–2010s	1935 (Fisher); 1963 (Campbell & Stanley codification)
提唱者	Peter Bauer and Klaus Kohne (adaptive interim analysis framework, 1994); broader adaptive design methodology developed by Scott Chow and Mark Chang	Ronald A. Fisher; systematised by Donald T. Campbell & Julian C. Stanley
種類	Adaptive experimental design	Experimental research design
原典	Chow, S.-C., & Chang, M. (2008). Adaptive Design Methods in Clinical Trials. Chapman and Hall/CRC. ISBN: 978-1584886760	Campbell, D. T., & Stanley, J. C. (1963). Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Research. Rand McNally.
別名	adaptive controlled experiment, adaptive two-arm controlled design, adaptive parallel-group design, flexible controlled trial design	controlled experiment, true experimental design, randomized controlled design, treatment-control design
関連	4	4
概要	An adaptive control group experimental design is an experiment that assigns participants to at least one treatment arm and one concurrent control group, while allowing pre-specified modifications to the trial — such as sample size re-estimation, early stopping, or allocation ratio changes — based on accumulating data. Adaptations are governed by decision rules established before the study begins, preserving Type I error control while improving efficiency.	Control group experimental design is a fundamental experimental structure in which participants are assigned to at least two groups — a treatment group that receives the intervention and a control group that does not — so that the effect of the intervention can be isolated by comparing outcomes across groups. Randomisation of assignment strengthens causal inference by balancing known and unknown confounders.