手法を比較

	アクションリサーチ	フォーカスグループリサーチ
分野	質的研究	質的手法
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1946	1940s (sociological origin); modern applied form from the 1980s–1990s
提唱者	Kurt Lewin; expanded by Kemmis, McTaggart, Reason & Bradbury	Robert K. Merton (sociological precursor, 1940s); popularised in applied research by Richard A. Krueger
種類	Method	Qualitative data collection method
原典	Lewin, K. (1946). Action research and minority problems. Journal of Social Issues, 2(4), 34–46.	Krueger, R.A. & Casey, M.A. (2014). Focus Groups: A Practical Guide for Applied Research (5th ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1483365244
別名	Participatory Action Research, PAR, Collaborative Inquiry	focus group discussion, FGD, group interview, Odak Grup Araştırması
関連	1	6
概要	Action research is a collaborative research methodology in which researchers work with practitioners and community members to investigate a problem, implement change, and evaluate outcomes, cycling through reflection, action, and learning. Developed by Kurt Lewin (1946), action research bridges research and practice, aiming simultaneously to produce knowledge and practical improvement.	Focus group research is a qualitative data-collection method in which a trained moderator guides structured discussions with homogeneous groups of six to ten participants to explore ideas, attitudes, and perceptions on a defined topic. Developed from sociological roots in the 1940s and systematised for applied research by Krueger and Casey, the method leverages group interaction as a data source — revealing not just what people think, but how they negotiate and articulate views in a social setting.