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	Rigonfiamento e Degradazione	Rilascio di BMP
Campo	Biomateriali	Biomateriali
Famiglia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Anno di origine	1960	1965
Ideatore	Wichterle and Lim	Marshall Urist
Tipo	Kinetic assay	Kinetic release assay
Fonte seminale	Wichterle, O., & Lim, D. (1960). Hydrophilic gels for biological use. Nature, 185(4706), 117-118.	Urist, M. R. (1965). Bone: formation by autoinduction. Science, 150(3698), 893-899.
Alias	hydrogel swelling, polymer degradation, mass loss assay	BMP release kinetics, BMP elution profile, growth factor release assay
Correlati	4	4
Sintesi	The swelling and degradation assay measures how biomaterial scaffolds absorb water (swelling) and lose mass over time due to degradation. Developed by Wichterle and Lim in 1960 for hydrogels, the assay is fundamental for characterizing hydrogels, synthetic polymers, and composite scaffolds intended for tissue engineering. The assay provides quantitative data on swelling kinetics (equilibrium water content, swelling ratio), degradation kinetics (mass loss rate, half-life), and mechanisms of degradation (chain scission, enzymatic breakdown).	The bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) release assay measures the kinetics and amount of BMP elution from a biomaterial carrier over time. BMP-2, BMP-6, BMP-7, and BMP-9 are potent osteoinductive growth factors discovered by Marshall Urist in 1965 that trigger bone and cartilage formation. When loaded into scaffolds, hydrogels, or implants, BMPs must be released in a controlled manner to maximize biological effect while minimizing systemic exposure. The release assay quantifies how much BMP is present in the surrounding medium at defined timepoints, enabling optimization of carrier materials and release profiles for bone regeneration and fracture healing applications.