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	Six Sigma DMAIC	Cartes de contrôle de variables de Shewhart (X-barra / R)
Campo	Gestione della qualità	Statistica
Famiglia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Anno di origine	2014	1931
Ideatore	Motorola; Pyzdek & Keller	Walter A. Shewhart
Tipo	Structured process improvement methodology	Statistical process control chart for variables
Fonte seminale	Pyzdek, T., & Keller, P. (2014). The Six Sigma Handbook (4th ed.). McGraw-Hill. ISBN: 978-0-07-184053-9	Shewhart, W. A. (1931). Economic Control of Quality of Manufactured Product. D. Van Nostrand Company. ISBN: 978-0-87389-076-2
Alias	DMAIC Framework, Six Sigma Process Improvement Cycle, Define-Measure-Analyze-Improve-Control, Altı Sigma DMAIC	X-bar and R chart, Shewhart chart, variables control chart, process control chart
Correlati	3	4
Sintesi	Six Sigma DMAIC is a data-driven, five-phase process improvement methodology — Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control — used to reduce defects and process variation to fewer than 3.4 defects per million opportunities. Originating at Motorola in the 1980s and systematized by practitioners including Pyzdek and Keller, it is widely adopted in manufacturing, healthcare, finance, and service industries seeking sustained quality gains.	The Shewhart control chart, invented by Walter Shewhart at Bell Labs in the 1920s and set out in his 1931 book, is the foundational tool of statistical process control. It plots a process statistic — typically the subgroup mean (X-bar) and range (R) — over time against a center line and three-sigma control limits, distinguishing the natural common-cause variation inherent in a stable process from special-cause variation that signals something has changed and warrants investigation.