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| Sistema di Valutazione per la Risoluzione delle Rotture× | Working Alliance Inventory× | |
|---|---|---|
| Campo | Ricerca in psicoterapia | Ricerca in psicoterapia |
| Famiglia | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Anno di origine≠ | 1993 | 1989 |
| Ideatore≠ | Jeremy D. Safran, J. Christopher Muran | Adam O. Horvath & Leslie S. Greenberg |
| Tipo≠ | Observer/Clinician-rated | Therapist/Client-rated |
| Fonte seminale≠ | Safran, J. D., Muran, J. C., & Samstag, L. W. (1994). Resolving therapeutic alliance ruptures: A task analytic investigation. In A. O. Horvath & L. S. Greenberg (Eds.), The working alliance: Theory, research, and practice (pp. 225–255). New York: John Wiley & Sons. link ↗ | Horvath, A. O., & Greenberg, L. S. (1989). Development and validation of the Working Alliance Inventory. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 36(2), 223–233. DOI ↗ |
| Alias≠ | RRRS, Alliance Rupture Rating Scale, Rupture Resolution Scale | WAI, WAI-36, WAI-SF, WAI-SR |
| Correlati | 4 | 4 |
| Sintesi≠ | The Rupture Resolution Rating System (RRRS) is an observer-based measure designed to assess the quality of therapist response to alliance ruptures and the degree to which ruptures are resolved within psychotherapy sessions. Developed by Safran and Muran, the RRRS operationalizes the principle that ruptures—temporary breaks in empathy, collaboration, or understanding between therapist and client—are normal therapy events and that how therapists repair them predicts therapeutic benefit. The RRRS codes the presence, severity, and resolution of ruptures, revealing therapist skill in navigating relational challenges. | The Working Alliance Inventory (WAI) is a validated, empirically supported measure of the therapeutic alliance—the collaborative relationship between therapist and client. Developed by Horvath and Greenberg in 1989, the WAI operationalizes Bordin's tripartite model of alliance: agreement on goals, agreement on tasks, and emotional bond. It is one of the most widely used alliance measures in psychotherapy research and is a strong predictor of psychotherapy outcome across diverse theoretical orientations and client populations. |
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