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| Remote Delphi Technique× | Focus Group Remoto× | |
|---|---|---|
| Campo | Metodologia delle indagini | Metodologia delle indagini |
| Famiglia | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Anno di origine≠ | 1950s (classic Delphi); remote/e-Delphi from late 1990s | Late 1990s (synchronous online); mainstream adoption 2020 |
| Ideatore≠ | Olaf Helmer and Norman Dalkey (RAND Corporation; classic Delphi); e-Delphi adapted by various methodologists from late 1990s onward | Adaptation of traditional focus groups (Robert K. Merton, 1940s); remote modality formalized in the late 1990s–2000s and widely adopted post-2020 |
| Tipo≠ | Iterative expert consensus technique — remote administration | Qualitative group data collection |
| Fonte seminale≠ | Hasson, F., Keeney, S., & McKenna, H. (2000). Research guidelines for the Delphi survey technique. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 32(4), 1008–1015. DOI ↗ | Lobe, B., Morgan, D., & Hoffman, K. A. (2020). Qualitative data collection in an era of social distancing. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 19, 1–8. DOI ↗ |
| Alias | online Delphi, e-Delphi, virtual Delphi, distributed Delphi | virtual focus group, online focus group, video-mediated focus group, distributed focus group |
| Correlati≠ | 4 | 5 |
| Sintesi≠ | The Remote Delphi Technique applies the structured iterative consensus process of the classic Delphi method entirely through remote communication channels — email, web-based survey platforms, or dedicated collaboration tools — eliminating the need for geographic co-presence. Experts complete successive questionnaire rounds asynchronously, receiving anonymised statistical summaries of the group's prior responses before each new round, until a pre-defined consensus threshold is reached. | A Remote Focus Group is a synchronous, moderated group discussion conducted via video or audio conferencing rather than in a shared physical space. Participants — typically 5 to 10 people — join from separate locations and discuss a topic guided by a trained moderator. The method preserves the core strengths of in-person focus groups (group interaction, idea building, spontaneous reactions) while eliminating geographic barriers and reducing recruitment costs. It has become a mainstream qualitative data collection approach, especially following the widespread adoption of video conferencing platforms. |
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