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	Analisi di Viabilità della Popolazione	Esperimento di Risposta della Tavola di Vita
Campo	Ecologia	Ecologia
Famiglia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Anno di origine	1981	2000
Ideatore	Mark Shaffer	Hal Caswell
Tipo	extinction risk assessment	temporal perturbation analysis
Fonte seminale	Shaffer, M. L. (1981). Minimum population sizes for species conservation. BioScience, 31(2), 131-134.	Caswell, H. (2019). Sensitivity Analysis: Matrix Methods in Demography and Ecology. Springer.
Alias	PVA, extinction risk, minimum viable population, MVP	LTRE, demographic analysis, vital rate contribution, elasticity analysis
Correlati	4	4
Sintesi	Population Viability Analysis (PVA), introduced by Shaffer (1981), estimates the probability that a population will persist over a given time period under specified conditions. PVA combines demographic models (Leslie matrices, IPMs) with stochastic simulation to project population trajectories, quantifying extinction risk. This allows conservation planners to assess whether a population will likely persist, evaluate management scenarios, and estimate the minimum viable population (MVP) size for long-term persistence. PVA is a decision-support tool, not a precise predictor.	Life Table Response Experiments (LTRE) decompose observed temporal changes in population growth rate (lambda) into contributions from changes in specific vital rates (survival, reproduction). Developed by Caswell (2000) and applied extensively by Wisdom and colleagues, LTRE reveals which demographic changes drove observed population dynamics. For example, LTRE can show whether a population's decline was primarily due to reduced survival of juveniles, reduced fecundity of adults, or changes in other life stages. This guides targeted conservation or management.