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| Modello Rasch Politomico× | Teoria della risposta all'item (IRT)× | |
|---|---|---|
| Campo | Psicometria | Psicometria |
| Famiglia | Latent structure | Latent structure |
| Anno di origine≠ | 1978–1982 | 1952–1968 |
| Ideatore≠ | Gerhard N. Masters (Partial Credit Model); David Andrich (Rating Scale Model) | Frederic M. Lord (and Allan Birnbaum for the 2PL/3PL models) |
| Tipo≠ | Item response model | Probabilistic measurement model |
| Fonte seminale≠ | Masters, G. N. (1982). A Rasch model for partial credit scoring. Psychometrika, 47(2), 149–174. DOI ↗ | Lord, F. M. & Novick, M. R. (1968). Statistical Theories of Mental Test Scores. Addison-Wesley. link ↗ |
| Alias | PRM, Rating Scale Model, Partial Credit Model, Polytomous IRT Rasch | IRT, latent trait theory, item characteristic curve theory, modern test theory |
| Correlati≠ | 6 | 5 |
| Sintesi≠ | The Polytomous Rasch Model extends the dichotomous Rasch framework to ordered response scales with three or more categories, such as Likert items or partial-credit tasks. It estimates person ability and item difficulty on the same interval-level logit scale, and it tests whether the response categories function as intended — prerequisites for rigorous ordinal measurement. | Item response theory models the probability that a respondent answers an item correctly (or endorses it) as a function of the respondent's latent trait level and the item's own statistical properties — difficulty, discrimination, and guessing. Unlike classical test theory, IRT places persons and items on the same scale, yielding measurement that is sample-independent for items and test-independent for persons. |
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