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	Pinch Analysis	UNIFAC
Campo	Fisica applicata	Fisica applicata
Famiglia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Anno di origine	1978	1975
Ideatore	Bodo Linnhoff, John Flower	Aage Fredenslund, Russell Jones, John Prausnitz
Tipo	Thermal design and optimization method	Activity coefficient model; predictive liquid-phase property method
Fonte seminale	Linnhoff, B., & Flower, J. R. (1978). Synthesis of heat exchanger networks: I. Systematic generation of energy optimal networks. AIChE Journal, 24(4), 633-642.	Fredenslund, A., Jones, R. L., & Prausnitz, J. M. (1975). Group-contribution estimation of activity coefficients in nonideal liquid mixtures. AIChE Journal, 21(6), 1086-1099.
Alias	heat integration, pinch point method, process integration	UNIFAC predictive model, UNIQUAC functional-group contribution
Correlati	4	3
Sintesi	Pinch analysis is a systematic method for identifying the minimum energy requirements and optimal heat recovery opportunities in chemical processes. Developed by Bodo Linnhoff and John Flower in 1978, it graphically identifies the 'pinch point'—the most constrained part of the process where heating and cooling demands nearly balance. By targeting these bottlenecks, engineers can design energy-efficient heat exchanger networks and reduce operating costs dramatically.	UNIFAC (Universal Functional-group Activity Coefficient) is a predictive model for liquid-phase activity coefficients of multicomponent mixtures. Developed by Fredenslund, Jones, and Prausnitz in 1975, it decomposes molecules into functional groups and uses group interaction parameters to estimate non-ideal behavior. UNIFAC is revolutionary because it can predict phase equilibria for mixtures never experimentally measured, making it invaluable for process design and chemical engineering.