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	NEAT: NeuroEvolution of Augmenting Topologies	Evolutionary Strategy (CMA-ES)
Campo	Apprendimento profondo	Ottimizzazione
Famiglia	Machine learning	Process / pipeline
Anno di origine	2002	2001
Ideatore	Kenneth Stanley & Risto Miikkulainen	Nikolaus Hansen & Andreas Ostermeier
Tipo	Neuroevolutionary algorithm	Derivative-free continuous black-box optimizer
Fonte seminale	Stanley, K. O., & Miikkulainen, R. (2002). Evolving neural networks through augmenting topologies. Evolutionary Computation, 10(2), 99–127.	Hansen, N. & Ostermeier, A. (2001). Completely Derandomized Self-Adaptation in Evolutionary Strategies. Evolutionary Computation, 9(2), 159-195.
Alias	Neuroevolution of Augmenting Topologies, Topology and Weight Evolving Artificial Neural Networks (variant), Evolving Neural Networks, Topoloji Artırımlı Nöroevrim	CMA-ES, Evolution Strategy, Evrimsel Strateji (CMA-ES), self-adapting evolution strategy
Correlati	3	5
Sintesi	NEAT is a genetic algorithm for evolving artificial neural networks introduced by Kenneth Stanley and Risto Miikkulainen in 2002. Unlike methods that evolve weights alone, NEAT simultaneously evolves both the topology (structure) and the connection weights of neural networks. It achieves this through a direct genome encoding with historical markings that enable meaningful crossover between networks of different structures, making it applicable to reinforcement learning, game playing, and control tasks without requiring a predefined architecture.	CMA-ES, short for Covariance Matrix Adaptation Evolution Strategy, is a modern derivative-free optimizer for continuous black-box functions introduced by Hansen and Ostermeier in 2001. It maintains a population of candidate solutions drawn from a multivariate normal distribution and iteratively updates the distribution's mean, step size, and full covariance matrix to steer the search toward better regions of the parameter space. It has become the de-facto standard for continuous black-box optimization and is widely used in neural architecture search and reinforcement-learning policy optimization.