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| Analisi fattoriale confermativa multilivello (MCFA)× | Test di Invarianza di Misura× | |
|---|---|---|
| Campo | Psicometria | Psicometria |
| Famiglia | Latent structure | Latent structure |
| Anno di origine≠ | 1994 | 2000 |
| Ideatore≠ | Bengt O. Muthen | Vandenberg & Lance |
| Tipo≠ | Latent variable model / measurement model | Multi-group confirmatory factor analysis procedure |
| Fonte seminale≠ | Muthen, B. O. (1994). Multilevel covariance structure analysis. Sociological Methods & Research, 22(3), 376–398. DOI ↗ | Vandenberg, R. J., & Lance, C. E. (2000). A review and synthesis of the measurement invariance literature. Organizational Research Methods, 3(1), 4–70. DOI ↗ |
| Alias | MCFA, multilevel measurement model, two-level CFA, hierarchical CFA | Factorial Invariance, Measurement Equivalence, Configural-Metric-Scalar Testing, Ölçüm Değişmezliği |
| Correlati≠ | 6 | 3 |
| Sintesi≠ | Multilevel confirmatory factor analysis tests a pre-specified factor structure while simultaneously accounting for the non-independence of observations caused by clustered data. It decomposes item variance into within-group and between-group components, fitting a separate measurement model at each level, making it the standard tool for validating psychometric scales administered within natural groups such as classrooms, clinics, or organisations. | Measurement invariance testing is a sequence of nested confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) models that examines whether a psychological scale measures the same latent construct in the same way across distinct groups or time points. Systematized and popularized by Vandenberg and Lance (2000), the procedure tests a hierarchy of constraints — from identical factor patterns to identical item intercepts — so that researchers can justify meaningful group comparisons on latent means. |
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