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	Analisi di affidabilità multi-gruppo	Test di Invarianza di Misura Multi-Gruppo
Campo	Psicometria	Psicometria
Famiglia	Latent structure	Latent structure
Anno di origine	1990s–2000s	1971–1993
Ideatore	Classical test theory traditions; synthesized in modern practice by Vandenberg & Lance (2000) and Sijtsma (2009)	Jöreskog, K. G. (1971); Meredith, W. (1993)
Tipo	Reliability estimation and comparison	Model comparison / hypothesis testing
Fonte seminale	Vandenberg, R. J. & Lance, C. E. (2000). A review and synthesis of the measurement invariance literature: Suggestions, practices, and recommendations for organizational research. Organizational Research Methods, 3(1), 4–70.	Vandenberg, R. J. & Lance, C. E. (2000). A review and synthesis of the measurement invariance literature: Suggestions, practices, and recommendations for organizational research. Organizational Research Methods, 3(1), 4–70.
Alias	reliability comparison across groups, group-specific reliability estimation, multi-sample reliability analysis, cross-group internal consistency	measurement invariance, factorial invariance, cross-group invariance, MI testing
Correlati	4	6
Sintesi	Multi-group reliability analysis estimates internal consistency or stability coefficients separately within each group and then formally compares them to determine whether a scale functions with equal precision across populations. It is a foundational step in cross-group measurement research, typically carried out alongside or prior to measurement invariance testing.	Multi-group measurement invariance testing examines whether a latent construct is measured in the same way across two or more distinct groups — such as cultures, genders, or age cohorts. It is a prerequisite for meaningful group comparisons of latent means or relationships, ensuring that observed score differences reflect true differences rather than measurement artifacts.