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	Unità Ricorrente Gated (GRU)	Meccanismo di Attenzione	Modello Sequence-to-Sequence
Campo	Apprendimento profondo	Apprendimento profondo	Apprendimento profondo
Famiglia	Machine learning	Machine learning	Machine learning
Anno di origine	2014	2015	2014
Ideatore	Cho, K. et al.	Bahdanau, D.; Luong, M.T.	Sutskever, I.; Cho, K.
Tipo	Gated recurrent neural network unit	Neural attention layer (encoder-decoder)	Encoder-decoder neural network (deep learning)
Fonte seminale	Cho, K. et al. (2014). Learning Phrase Representations using RNN Encoder–Decoder for Statistical Machine Translation. EMNLP.	Bahdanau, D., Cho, K. & Bengio, Y. (2015). Neural Machine Translation by Jointly Learning to Align and Translate. ICLR.	Sutskever, I., Vinyals, O. & Le, Q. V. (2014). Sequence to Sequence Learning with Neural Networks. NeurIPS.
Alias	Kapılı Tekrarlayan Birim (GRU), gated recurrent unit, gated recurrent network	Dikkat Mekanizması (Bahdanau / Luong Attention), dikkat mekanizmasi, neural attention, additive attention	Dizi-Dizi Modeli (Seq2Seq — Encoder-Decoder), encoder-decoder model, seq2seq, sequence to sequence learning
Correlati	5	5	5
Sintesi	The Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) is a gated recurrent neural network cell introduced by Cho and colleagues in 2014 that captures long-range dependencies in sequential data using update and reset gates, achieving performance comparable to LSTM with fewer parameters.	The attention mechanism, introduced by Bahdanau, Cho and Bengio in 2015 and refined by Luong, Pham and Manning the same year, lets a sequence decoder dynamically learn which of the encoder's outputs to focus on at each step. Before the Transformer, it substantially improved machine-translation quality by freeing models from compressing an entire input into a single fixed vector.	The sequence-to-sequence (Seq2Seq) model, introduced by Sutskever, Vinyals and Le and by Cho and colleagues in 2014, is an encoder-decoder neural network that maps a variable-length input sequence to a variable-length output sequence. It is the foundation of machine translation, text summarization, dialogue systems and code generation.