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	Sistema di Valutazione CAMELS	Altman Z-Score: Prevedere il fallimento aziendale
Campo	Finanza	Finanza
Famiglia	Process / pipeline	Regression model
Anno di origine	1998	1968
Ideatore	US bank supervisory framework; Cole & Gunther	Edward Altman
Tipo	Composite supervisory rating	Multiple discriminant analysis scoring model
Fonte seminale	Cole, R. A., & Gunther, J. W. (1998). Predicting bank failures: A comparison of on- and off-site monitoring systems. Journal of Financial Services Research, 13(2), 103–117.	Altman, E. I. (1968). Financial ratios, discriminant analysis and the prediction of corporate bankruptcy. The Journal of Finance, 23(4), 589–609.
Alias	CAMELS Framework, Uniform Financial Institutions Rating System, UFIRS, CAMELS Derecelendirme Sistemi	Altman's Z-Score Model, Multiple Discriminant Analysis Bankruptcy Model, Z-Score Financial Distress Model, Altman Z-Skoru
Correlati	3	3
Sintesi	The CAMELS Rating System is a supervisory framework used by US bank regulators to evaluate the overall condition of financial institutions across six dimensions: Capital Adequacy, Asset Quality, Management, Earnings, Liquidity, and Sensitivity to Market Risk. Each component is scored on a scale of 1 (strong) to 5 (critically deficient), and a composite score is assigned based on examiner judgment. Developed in the US federal banking regulatory context, CAMELS emerged as the standard on-site examination tool and has since been adopted and adapted by regulators globally.	The Altman Z-Score is a linear discriminant model developed by Edward I. Altman in 1968 to predict corporate bankruptcy using five accounting-based financial ratios. Derived through multiple discriminant analysis on a matched sample of 66 US manufacturing firms, the model combines liquidity, profitability, leverage, solvency, and activity ratios into a single composite score that classifies firms as financially sound, distressed, or in a grey zone.