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	Bid-Rent Analysis	Central Place Analysis
Campo	Human Geography	Human Geography
Famiglia	Regression model	Process / pipeline
Anno di origine	1964	1933
Ideatore	William Alonso	Walter Christaller
Tipo	Theory of urban land rent and land-use allocation by distance to the centre	Theory and analytic framework for the size, number, and spacing of settlements
Fonte seminale	Alonso, W. (1964). Location and Land Use: Toward a General Theory of Land Rent. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA. ISBN: 9780674537019	Christaller, W. (1966). Central Places in Southern Germany (C. W. Baskin, Trans.). Prentice-Hall. (Original work published 1933). ISBN: 9780131226302
Alias	Bid-Rent Theory, Alonso Bid-Rent Model, Urban Land-Rent Model, Bid-Rent Curve Analysis	Central Place Theory, Christaller Central Place Model, Settlement Hierarchy Analysis, Central Place Hierarchy
Correlati	4	4
Sintesi	Bid-rent analysis is the urban-economics theory that explains how land rent and land use are organized by distance to the city centre. Developed by William Alonso in 1964, it represents each land use — commerce, industry, housing — by a bid-rent curve giving the maximum rent that use is willing to pay at each distance from the central business district. Because uses with steeper curves outbid others for central land, the observed rent is the upper envelope of all the curves, and the city sorts into concentric zones with the highest bidder winning each ring.	Central place analysis is the study of the size, number, and spacing of settlements as service centres, grounded in Walter Christaller's central place theory of 1933. It explains why settlements form an orderly hierarchy — many small villages, fewer towns, a handful of cities — and why higher-order centres are spaced farther apart and offer more specialized goods, deriving the famous nested pattern of hexagonal market areas from two economic concepts: the range and the threshold of a good.