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	Meccanismo di Attenzione	Fine-Tuning di BERT	Auto-attenzione multi-testa
Campo	Apprendimento profondo	Apprendimento profondo	Apprendimento profondo
Famiglia	Machine learning	Machine learning	Machine learning
Anno di origine	2015	2019	2017
Ideatore	Bahdanau, D.; Luong, M.T.	Devlin, J. et al.	Vaswani, A. et al.
Tipo	Neural attention layer (encoder-decoder)	Transfer learning (fine-tuning a pre-trained transformer)	Attention mechanism (Transformer core)
Fonte seminale	Bahdanau, D., Cho, K. & Bengio, Y. (2015). Neural Machine Translation by Jointly Learning to Align and Translate. ICLR.	Devlin, J., Chang, M.-W., Lee, K. & Toutanova, K. (2019). BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding. NAACL.	Vaswani, A. et al. (2017). Attention Is All You Need. NeurIPS.
Alias	Dikkat Mekanizması (Bahdanau / Luong Attention), dikkat mekanizmasi, neural attention, additive attention	BERT İnce Ayar (Fine-Tuning), BERT ince ayar, fine-tuning BERT, transfer learning with BERT	Öz-Dikkat ve Çok Başlı Dikkat (Multi-Head Self-Attention), öz-dikkat, multi-head attention, scaled dot-product attention
Correlati	5	5	5
Sintesi	The attention mechanism, introduced by Bahdanau, Cho and Bengio in 2015 and refined by Luong, Pham and Manning the same year, lets a sequence decoder dynamically learn which of the encoder's outputs to focus on at each step. Before the Transformer, it substantially improved machine-translation quality by freeing models from compressing an entire input into a single fixed vector.	BERT fine-tuning, building on the BERT model introduced by Devlin and colleagues in 2019, re-trains a pre-trained BERT model on a small labelled dataset for a target task such as classification, named-entity recognition, or question answering. Through transfer learning it reaches high performance even with relatively little task-specific data.	Multi-head self-attention, introduced by Vaswani and colleagues in 2017, is the mechanism that lets every position in a sequence compute its relationship to all other positions in parallel. It is the core of the Transformer architecture and the foundation underneath BERT, GPT, and T5.