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| Test Anxiety Inventory× | Skala Kelelahan Akademik× | |
|---|---|---|
| Bidang | Psikologi Pendidikan | Psikologi Pendidikan |
| Keluarga | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Tahun asal≠ | 1980 | 2002 |
| Pencetus≠ | Spielberger, C. D. | Schaufeli, Martínez-Martínez, Marqués Pinto, Salanova |
| Tipe | Self-report questionnaire | Self-report questionnaire |
| Sumber perintis≠ | Spielberger, C. D. (1980). Test Anxiety Inventory: Preliminary professional manual. Consulting Psychologists Press. link ↗ | Schaufeli, W. B., Martinez, I. M., Marqués Pinto, A., Salanova, M., & Bakker, A. B. (2002). Burnout and engagement in university students: A cross-national study. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 33(5), 464-481. DOI ↗ |
| Alias | TAI | ABS |
| Terkait | 5 | 5 |
| Ringkasan≠ | The Test Anxiety Inventory measures the situational anxiety experienced during examinations, distinguishing between cognitive worry and physiological emotionality. Developed by Spielberger in 1980, the TAI provides educators and clinicians with a validated assessment of test-specific anxiety—a prevalent barrier to academic success that affects performance disproportionately to ability. Early identification and targeted intervention can substantially improve both well-being and exam performance. | The Academic Burnout Scale measures three dimensions of student burnout: emotional exhaustion, cynicism toward studies, and reduced academic efficacy. Developed by Schaufeli and colleagues in 2002, it adapts the Maslach Burnout Inventory framework to the academic context, providing researchers and educators with a validated tool to assess psychological distress in higher education settings. |
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