Bandingkan metode

	Comparative Public Administration	Collaborative Governance Assessment
Bidang	Public Administration	Public Administration
Keluarga	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Tahun asal	1964	2008
Pencetus	Fred W. Riggs	Chris Ansell & Alison Gash
Tipe	Cross-system comparative analysis	Process-based governance assessment framework
Sumber perintis	Riggs, F. W. (1964). Administration in Developing Countries: The Theory of Prismatic Society. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. ISBN: 9780395067352	Ansell, C., & Gash, A. (2008). Collaborative Governance in Theory and Practice. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 18(4), 543–571.
Alias	Comparative Administrative Analysis, Cross-National Public Administration Study, Comparative Bureaucracy Analysis	Collaborative Governance Analysis, Ansell-Gash Governance Framework, Multi-Stakeholder Governance Assessment
Terkait	4	4
Ringkasan	Comparative public administration is the systematic study of administrative systems across countries, regions or historical periods in order to explain similarities and differences in how states organise and run their bureaucracies. Fred Riggs, a pioneer of the field, argued in his 1964 Theory of Prismatic Society that administration cannot be understood apart from its ecological context — the social, economic, political and cultural environment in which it is embedded. The method compares administrative structures, behaviours and performance while situating each case in its setting, guarding against the assumption that arrangements which work in one country will transfer to another. Its purpose is to build generalisable knowledge about administration that is sensitive to context rather than ethnocentric.	Collaborative governance assessment is a framework for analysing arrangements in which public agencies and non-state stakeholders deliberate together to make or implement public policy by consensus. Synthesised by Chris Ansell and Alison Gash in their 2008 article from a meta-analysis of over a hundred cases, it identifies the starting conditions, institutional design and facilitative leadership that feed into an iterative collaborative process and ultimately shape outcomes. The framework treats collaboration not as a single event but as a cycle of face-to-face dialogue, trust-building, shared understanding and intermediate commitments. Its purpose is to explain why some multi-stakeholder partnerships succeed while others stall or collapse.