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| Xenofóbia Skála× | Generalized Trust Scale× | |
|---|---|---|
| Tudományterület | Politikai szociológia | Politikai szociológia |
| Módszercsalád | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Keletkezés éve≠ | 2009–2016 | 1956–1994 |
| Megalkotó≠ | Alin Ceobanu, Xavier Escandell, Elke Schlueter | Morris Rosenberg, Toshio Yamagishi |
| Típus | Self-report questionnaire | Self-report questionnaire |
| Alapmű≠ | Ceobanu, A. M., & Escandell, X. (2010). Comparative analyses of public attitudes toward immigrants and immigration using multinational survey data: The European Social Survey. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 36(6), 953-969. link ↗ | Rosenberg, M. (1956). Misanthropy, political ideology, and political information. Public Opinion Quarterly, 20(2), 274-290. DOI ↗ |
| Alternatív nevek | XS, Anti-Immigration Attitude Scale | GTS, Trust in Strangers |
| Kapcsolódó | 5 | 5 |
| Összefoglaló≠ | The Xenophobia Scale measures fear, discomfort, or prejudice toward foreign nationals and immigrants. Unlike immigration policy preferences (which can reflect economic or pragmatic considerations), xenophobia captures affective and attitudinal dimensions—emotional threat perception, negative stereotypes, and cultural distance. Developed by migration scholars including Ceobanu and Escandell, it is essential for understanding antiforeign sentiment and discriminatory attitudes across diverse contexts. | The Generalized Trust Scale measures an individual's propensity to trust people in general, particularly strangers with whom they have no direct relationship. Originally developed by Morris Rosenberg in 1956 and later refined by Toshio Yamagishi and colleagues, it has become foundational in research on social capital, civic participation, and intergroup relations. |
| ScholarGateAdatkészlet ↗ |
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