Módszerek összehasonlítása

	Panelalapú kérdőíves kutatás	Keresztmetszeti felméréskutatás
Tudományterület	Kutatástervezés	Kutatástervezés
Módszercsalád	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Keletkezés éve	Mid-20th century; formalized as a distinct design by the 1940s–1960s in sociological and economic research	1930s–1950s (formalized with large-scale opinion and health surveys)
Megalkotó	Established through social science survey methodology; foundational reference: Kasprzyk et al. (1989)	Established through the social survey tradition (Bowley, Gallup, and others in the early-to-mid 20th century)
Típus	Quantitative longitudinal observational design	Quantitative non-experimental design
Alapmű	Kasprzyk, D., Duncan, G., Kalton, G., & Singh, M. P. (Eds.). (1989). Panel Surveys. Wiley. ISBN: 978-0471617143	Fowler, F. J. (2009). Survey Research Methods (4th ed.). Sage Publications. ISBN: 978-1412958929
Alternatív nevek	panel survey, longitudinal survey panel, repeated survey design, panel data survey	cross-sectional survey, single-occasion survey, prevalence survey design, snapshot survey
Kapcsolódó	5	4
Összefoglaló	Panel-based survey research is a quantitative longitudinal design in which the same set of respondents — the panel — is surveyed with structured questionnaires at two or more distinct time points. By tracking the same individuals over time, the design captures intra-individual change, documents how outcomes evolve, and enables stronger causal inference than a single cross-sectional survey can provide. It is widely used in social science, economics, public health, and education research.	Cross-sectional survey research administers a structured questionnaire or interview to a representative sample of a population at one point in time. It is the workhorse design for estimating prevalence, describing group characteristics, and mapping associations among variables across a wide range of disciplines — from public health and education to marketing and political science.