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| Helymeghatározási-elosztási modellek× | Az ideális megoldáshoz való hasonlóságon alapuló preferenciarendezési technika× | |
|---|---|---|
| Tudományterület≠ | Térbeli elemzés | Döntéshozatal |
| Módszercsalád≠ | Process / pipeline | MCDM |
| Keletkezés éve≠ | 1963 | 1981 |
| Megalkotó≠ | Leon Cooper; S. L. Hakimi | Hwang, C. L., Yoon, K. |
| Típus≠ | Spatial facility-location optimization | Distance-based (compromise) |
| Alapmű≠ | Cooper, L. (1963). Location-allocation problems. Operations Research, 11(3), 331–343. DOI ↗ | Hwang, C. L., Yoon, K. (1981). Multiple Attribute Decision Making: Methods and Applications — A State-of-the-Art Survey. Lecture Notes in Economics and Mathematical Systems, Vol. 186, Springer-Verlag DOI ↗ |
| Alternatív nevek≠ | facility location, p-median problem, maximal covering location problem, yer-tahsis modelleri | — |
| Kapcsolódó≠ | 4 | 8 |
| Összefoglaló≠ | Location-allocation models decide where to place a set of facilities and simultaneously assign demand points to them so as to optimize an objective such as total travel cost, worst-case distance, or population covered. Rooted in the operations-research work of Cooper (1963) and Hakimi (1964) and central to network GIS, they answer questions like where to site warehouses, hospitals, fire stations, or schools to best serve a spatially distributed population. | TOPSIS (Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Hwang, C. L., Yoon, K. in 1981. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result. |
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