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| Crime Hot Spot Analysis× | Crime Concentration Index× | |
|---|---|---|
| Tudományterület | Criminology | Criminology |
| Módszercsalád | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Keletkezés éve≠ | 1995 | 1989 |
| Megalkotó≠ | Lawrence Sherman & David Weisburd (policing); Arthur Getis & J. Keith Ord (statistic) | Lawrence Sherman, Patrick Gartin & Michael Buerger; David Weisburd |
| Típus≠ | Spatial cluster detection for crime concentration | Descriptive concentration measure for crime across micro-places |
| Alapmű≠ | Sherman, L. W., & Weisburd, D. (1995). General deterrent effects of police patrol in crime "hot spots": A randomized, controlled trial. Justice Quarterly, 12(4), 625–648. DOI ↗ | Sherman, L. W., Gartin, P. R., & Buerger, M. E. (1989). Hot spots of predatory crime: Routine activities and the criminology of place. Criminology, 27(1), 27–56. DOI ↗ |
| Alternatív nevek | Hot Spot Mapping, Crime Hotspot Detection, Getis-Ord Gi* Crime Analysis, Spatial Cluster Analysis of Crime | Crime Concentration at Place, Hot-Spot Concentration Measure, Cumulative Crime Concentration, Law of Crime Concentration |
| Kapcsolódó | 4 | 4 |
| Összefoglaló≠ | Crime hot spot analysis identifies the places where crime concentrates far more than chance — the small number of street segments, blocks, or addresses that account for a large share of incidents. Building on Sherman and Weisburd's landmark demonstration that crime clusters tightly in space and that patrolling those clusters deters offending, the method uses spatial statistics such as the Getis-Ord Gi* local statistic to separate genuine, statistically significant clusters from random noise and to classify each place as a hot spot, a cold spot, or neither. | The crime concentration index quantifies how unevenly crime is distributed across micro-geographic places such as street segments or addresses. Building on Sherman, Gartin, and Buerger's 1989 discovery that a small fraction of addresses produces most calls for police service, and formalized in Weisburd's 2015 'law of crime concentration', it expresses the share of all crime accounted for by the most crime-prone places. |
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