Módszerek összehasonlítása

	Hamilton Szorongás Skála (HAM-A)	Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21)	Geriatricus Depresszió Skála (GDS)	Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale
Tudományterület	Klinikai pszichológia	Klinikai pszichológia	Klinikai pszichológia	Klinikai pszichológia
Módszercsalád	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Keletkezés éve	1959	1995	1982	1983
Megalkotó	Max Hamilton	Stephen H. Lovibond and Peter F. Lovibond	Jerome A. Yesavage, Terry L. Brink, and colleagues	Andrew S. Zigmond and Richard P. Snaith
Típus	Clinician-administered anxiety assessment	Three-dimensional mental health screening	Age-appropriate depression screening	Anxiety and depression screening in medical populations
Alapmű	Hamilton, M. (1959). The assessment of anxiety states by rating. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 32(1), 50-55.	Lovibond, S. H., & Lovibond, P. F. (1995). Manual for the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales. Psychology Foundation of Australia.	Yesavage, J. A., Brink, T. L., Rose, T. L., Lum, O., Huang, V., Adey, M., & Leirer, V. O. (1982). Development and validation of a geriatric depression screening scale: A preliminary report. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 17(1), 37-49.	Zigmond, A. S., & Snaith, R. P. (1983). The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 67(6), 361-370.
Alternatív nevek	HAM-A, HARS	DASS-21, DASS, DASS-42	GDS, GDS-15, GDS-30	HADS, HADS-A, HADS-D
Kapcsolódó	5	5	5	4
Összefoglaló	The Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) is a clinician-administered assessment tool for quantifying the severity of anxiety symptoms in adults. Developed by Max Hamilton in 1959, it remains one of the most widely used instruments for evaluating anxiety in clinical and research settings. The scale measures both psychological and somatic manifestations of anxiety across 14 items.	The Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21) is a 21-item self-report instrument measuring three correlated but distinct dimensions of psychological distress: depression, anxiety, and stress. Developed by Lovibond and Lovibond in 1995, the DASS-21 is a short form of the original 42-item DASS. It has become widely used in research and clinical settings for its brevity, multidimensional structure, and strong psychometric properties.	The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) is a 30-item self-report depression screening instrument specifically designed for older adults. Developed by Yesavage, Brink, and colleagues in 1982, the GDS addresses the unique presentation of depression in aging populations, where symptoms may differ from younger adults. A validated 15-item short form (GDS-15) is widely used in primary care and community settings for rapid screening.	The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) is a 14-item self-report instrument measuring anxiety and depression symptoms in medically ill populations. Developed by Zigmond and Snaith in 1983, the HADS was specifically designed for hospital and general medical settings where somatic symptoms of medical illness may confound assessment. It remains the standard anxiety-depression measure in medical, oncology, and cardiac populations worldwide.