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| GIS-alapú multi-kritériumos döntéselemzés (GIS-MCDA)× | Analitikus Hierarchia Folyamat× | Helymeghatározási-elosztási modellek× | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tudományterület≠ | Térbeli elemzés | Döntéshozatal | Térbeli elemzés |
| Módszercsalád≠ | Process / pipeline | MCDM | Process / pipeline |
| Keletkezés éve≠ | 2006 | 1980 | 1963 |
| Megalkotó≠ | Jacek Malczewski (GIS-MCDA synthesis) | Saaty, T. L. | Leon Cooper; S. L. Hakimi |
| Típus≠ | Spatial multi-criteria suitability/decision analysis | Pairwise comparison (eigenvalue) | Spatial facility-location optimization |
| Alapmű≠ | Malczewski, J. (2006). GIS-based multicriteria decision analysis: a survey of the literature. International Journal of Geographical Information Science, 20(7), 703–726. DOI ↗ | Saaty, T. L. (1980). The Analytic Hierarchy Process: Planning, Priority Setting, Resource Allocation. McGraw-Hill, New York ISBN: 978-0070543713 | Cooper, L. (1963). Location-allocation problems. Operations Research, 11(3), 331–343. DOI ↗ |
| Alternatív nevek≠ | GIS-MCDM, spatial multi-criteria analysis, GIS-AHP, weighted overlay suitability | — | facility location, p-median problem, maximal covering location problem, yer-tahsis modelleri |
| Kapcsolódó≠ | 4 | 8 | 4 |
| Összefoglaló≠ | GIS-MCDA combines the map layers of a geographic information system with multi-criteria decision analysis to produce suitability or priority maps — ranking locations by how well they satisfy several weighted criteria at once. It is the standard framework for spatial decisions such as siting hospitals, solar farms, landfills, or evacuation areas, integrating methods like AHP, TOPSIS, and weighted overlay with spatial data. | AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) is a weight subjective multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Saaty, T. L. in 1980. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result. | Location-allocation models decide where to place a set of facilities and simultaneously assign demand points to them so as to optimize an objective such as total travel cost, worst-case distance, or population covered. Rooted in the operations-research work of Cooper (1963) and Hakimi (1964) and central to network GIS, they answer questions like where to site warehouses, hospitals, fire stations, or schools to best serve a spatially distributed population. |
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