विधियों की तुलना करें
चुनी हुई विधियों की आमने-सामने समीक्षा करें; भिन्नता वाली पंक्तियाँ रेखांकित हैं।
| Student Growth Percentiles× | क्वांटाइल रिग्रेशन× | |
|---|---|---|
| क्षेत्र≠ | Education | अर्थमिति |
| परिवार | Regression model | Regression model |
| उद्भव वर्ष≠ | 2009 | 1978 |
| प्रवर्तक≠ | Damian W. Betebenner | Koenker & Bassett |
| प्रकार≠ | Normative growth description via conditional quantile regression | Conditional quantile regression |
| मौलिक स्रोत≠ | Betebenner, D. W. (2009). Norm- and criterion-referenced student growth. Educational Measurement: Issues and Practice, 28(4), 42–51. DOI ↗ | Koenker, R. & Bassett, G., Jr. (1978). Regression Quantiles. Econometrica, 46(1), 33-50. DOI ↗ |
| उपनाम≠ | SGP, Conditional Status Percentiles, Betebenner Growth Percentiles, Quantile-Regression Growth Model | conditional quantile regression, regression quantiles, Kantil Regresyon |
| संबंधित≠ | 4 | 5 |
| सारांश≠ | Student growth percentiles (SGPs) describe how much a student grew academically relative to peers with similar score histories. Introduced by Damian Betebenner in 2009, the method fits a series of conditional quantile regressions of a current test score on prior scores, then reports each student's growth as the percentile rank they occupy within the distribution of students who had the same starting point. A student at the 70th growth percentile grew faster than 70 percent of academic peers, regardless of their absolute achievement level. | Quantile regression models conditional quantiles of an outcome - the median, the 25th or 75th percentile, and so on - rather than the conditional mean that OLS targets. Introduced by Koenker and Bassett in 1978, it reveals how predictors act across the whole distribution, including its tails. |
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