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	मजबूत भारित न्यूनतम वर्ग (Robust WLS)	मजबूत सामान्यीकृत न्यूनतम वर्ग (मजबूत GLS)
क्षेत्र	अर्थमिति	अर्थमिति
परिवार	Regression model	Regression model
उद्भव वर्ष	1964/1981	1936 / 1980
प्रवर्तक	Huber, P. J.	Aitken (GLS theory, 1936); White (robust covariance, 1980)
प्रकार	Robust weighted regression	Robust linear regression
मौलिक स्रोत	Huber, P. J. (1981). Robust Statistics. Wiley. ISBN: 978-0471418054	Greene, W. H. (2012). Econometric Analysis (7th ed.). Pearson. Chapter 9: The Generalized Regression Model and Heteroscedasticity. ISBN: 978-0131395381
उपनाम	robust weighted least squares, RWLS, heteroscedasticity-robust WLS, outlier-robust weighted regression	robust generalized least squares, GLS with robust standard errors, heteroscedasticity-consistent GLS, HC-GLS
संबंधित	5	5
सारांश	Robust WLS combines weighted least squares — which corrects for known or estimated heteroscedasticity — with robust M-estimation that down-weights influential outliers. The result is a regression estimator that is simultaneously efficient under non-constant error variance and resistant to observations that would otherwise distort coefficient estimates.	Robust GLS extends classical Generalized Least Squares by pairing GLS coefficient estimation with heteroscedasticity- and autocorrelation-consistent (HAC) standard errors, or by using M-estimation within the GLS framework. It corrects for non-spherical errors — heteroscedasticity, autocorrelation, or both — while also guarding inference against misspecification of the error covariance structure.