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	Robust Simulated Annealing	सिम्युलेटेड एनीलिंग
क्षेत्र	अनुकरण	अनुकूलन
परिवार	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
उद्भव वर्ष	1983 (SA); robust variant emerged 1990s–2000s	1983
प्रवर्तक	Kirkpatrick, Gelatt & Vecchi (SA basis); robust formulation developed across the operations research community	—
प्रकार	Metaheuristic with robustness evaluation	Probabilistic metaheuristic / local search
मौलिक स्रोत	Kirkpatrick, S., Gelatt, C. D., Vecchi, M. P. (1983). Optimization by simulated annealing. Science, 220(4598), 671-680.	Kirkpatrick, S., Gelatt, C.D. & Vecchi, M.P. (1983). Optimization by Simulated Annealing. Science, 220(4598), 671-680.
उपनाम	RSA, Robust SA, Uncertainty-robust simulated annealing, Worst-case simulated annealing	Benzetimli Tavlama (Simulated Annealing), SA, probabilistic local search
संबंधित	5	5
सारांश	Robust Simulated Annealing (RSA) adapts the classical simulated annealing metaheuristic to seek solutions that perform well not just under nominal conditions but across the full range of uncertain or adversarial parameter values. By embedding a robustness evaluation — worst-case, expected-case, or regret-based — into the SA acceptance step, RSA trades some nominal optimality for resilience, making it valuable when problem parameters are imprecisely known or subject to environmental variation.	Simulated annealing is a probabilistic local-search metaheuristic introduced by Kirkpatrick, Gelatt, and Vecchi in 1983. It models the physical annealing process in metallurgy — where a material is heated and then slowly cooled to reach a low-energy crystalline state — and uses this analogy to escape local optima in combinatorial and continuous optimization problems.