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	बहु-कालिक मोटे तौर पर सटीक मिलान (Multi-period Coarsened Exact Matching)	पैनल डेटा कोर्स्ड एग्जैक्ट मैचिंग
क्षेत्र	कारणात्मक अनुमान	कारणात्मक अनुमान
परिवार	Regression model	Regression model
उद्भव वर्ष	2012–2021	2012 (CEM); 2021 (panel extension)
प्रवर्तक	Iacus, King & Porro (CEM, 2012); extended to multi-period panel settings	Iacus, King & Porro (CEM, 2012); panel extension via Imai, Kim & Wang (2021)
प्रकार	Non-parametric matching / causal inference	Matching / quasi-experimental
मौलिक स्रोत	Iacus, S. M., King, G., & Porro, G. (2012). Causal inference without balance checking: Coarsened exact matching. Political Analysis, 20(1), 1-24.	Iacus, S. M., King, G., & Porro, G. (2012). Causal Inference without Balance Checking: Coarsened Exact Matching. Political Analysis, 20(1), 1-24.
उपनाम	Multi-period CEM, Longitudinal CEM, Panel CEM, Multi-wave CEM	Panel CEM, CEM for panel data, coarsened exact matching with panel data
संबंधित	6	6
सारांश	Multi-period Coarsened Exact Matching (multi-period CEM) extends the CEM framework of Iacus, King, and Porro to longitudinal data with multiple pre- and post-treatment periods. It bins continuous covariates into coarsened categories, matches treated and control units that fall into the same cells across all relevant time periods, and then estimates a weighted average treatment effect that accounts for temporal structure.	Panel Data Coarsened Exact Matching applies the Coarsened Exact Matching (CEM) algorithm to repeated-measures panel data, matching treated and control units within the same coarsened covariate strata across multiple time periods. It balances pre-treatment characteristics before estimating a causal treatment effect, combining the transparency of exact matching with the richer identification available in longitudinal datasets.