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	बहु-कालिक मोटे तौर पर सटीक मिलान (Multi-period Coarsened Exact Matching)	एन्ट्रॉपी संतुलन
क्षेत्र	कारणात्मक अनुमान	कारणात्मक अनुमान
परिवार	Regression model	Regression model
उद्भव वर्ष	2012–2021	2012
प्रवर्तक	Iacus, King & Porro (CEM, 2012); extended to multi-period panel settings	Jens Hainmueller
प्रकार	Non-parametric matching / causal inference	Covariate-balancing reweighting
मौलिक स्रोत	Iacus, S. M., King, G., & Porro, G. (2012). Causal inference without balance checking: Coarsened exact matching. Political Analysis, 20(1), 1-24.	Hainmueller, J. (2012). Entropy balancing for causal effects: A multivariate reweighting method to produce balanced samples in observational studies. Political Analysis, 20(1), 25-46.
उपनाम	Multi-period CEM, Longitudinal CEM, Panel CEM, Multi-wave CEM	EB, entropy reweighting, covariate balancing via entropy, Hainmueller balancing
संबंधित	6	6
सारांश	Multi-period Coarsened Exact Matching (multi-period CEM) extends the CEM framework of Iacus, King, and Porro to longitudinal data with multiple pre- and post-treatment periods. It bins continuous covariates into coarsened categories, matches treated and control units that fall into the same cells across all relevant time periods, and then estimates a weighted average treatment effect that accounts for temporal structure.	Entropy balancing is a preprocessing method for causal inference that assigns weights to control-group units so that the reweighted control sample matches the treatment group exactly on a chosen set of covariate moments (means, variances, skewness). Introduced by Hainmueller (2012), it replaces trial-and-error propensity-score trimming with a constrained maximum-entropy optimisation that achieves balance in a single step.