विधियों की तुलना करें
चुनी हुई विधियों की आमने-सामने समीक्षा करें; भिन्नता वाली पंक्तियाँ रेखांकित हैं।
| कंप्यूटरीकृत अनुकूली परीक्षण (CAT) में सामग्री वैधता× | विभेदक आइटम कार्यप्रणाली (DIF)× | |
|---|---|---|
| क्षेत्र | मनोमिति | मनोमिति |
| परिवार | Latent structure | Latent structure |
| उद्भव वर्ष≠ | 1975 / 1980 | 1970s–1993 |
| प्रवर्तक≠ | Lawshe (content validity); Lord & Weiss (CAT framework) | William H. Angoff and colleagues (ETS); systematized by Holland & Wainer |
| प्रकार≠ | Validity evaluation / test design | Item-level bias detection |
| मौलिक स्रोत≠ | Lawshe, C. H. (1975). A quantitative approach to content validity. Personnel Psychology, 28(4), 563–575. link ↗ | Holland, P. W. & Wainer, H. (Eds.) (1993). Differential Item Functioning. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. ISBN: 978-0805809589 |
| उपनाम | CAT content validity, adaptive item bank content coverage, content balancing in CAT, CAT blueprint validity | DIF, item bias analysis, measurement non-equivalence, item-level measurement bias |
| संबंधित≠ | 6 | 5 |
| सारांश≠ | Content validity in computerized adaptive testing (CAT) ensures that an adaptively administered assessment adequately samples the intended content domain despite delivering only a subset of items to each examinee. It integrates classical content validity methods with CAT-specific item bank design and content balancing algorithms to guarantee representative domain coverage at both the item bank and the individual test level. | Differential item functioning identifies test or survey items that behave differently for examinees from different groups — such as gender, ethnicity, or language background — after controlling for the underlying ability or trait being measured. DIF analysis is essential for fairness evaluation in educational testing and psychological scale development. |
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