השוואת שיטות

	מדד תחושת השייכות (Sense of Belonging Scale)	מדד מעורבות סטודנטים
תחום	פסיכולוגיה חינוכית	פסיכולוגיה חינוכית
משפחה	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
שנת המקור	1993	2004
הוגה השיטה	Carol Goodenow	Jennifer Fredricks, Phyllis Blumenfeld, Alison Paris
סוג	School belonging perception scale	Multidimensional engagement assessment
מקור מכונן	Goodenow, C. (1993). Classroom belonging among early adolescent students: relationships to motivation and achievement. Journal of Early Adolescence, 13(1), 21-43.	Fredricks, J. A., Blumenfeld, P. C., & Paris, A. H. (2004). School engagement: Potential of the concept, state of the evidence. Review of Educational Research, 74(1), 59-109.
כינויים	SOBS, School Belonging Measure	SES, Academic Engagement Measure
קשורות	4	4
תקציר	The Sense of Belonging Scale (SOBS) measures students' perceptions of their connectedness and acceptance within the school community. Developed by Goodenow (1993), it assesses whether students feel valued, included, and connected to peers and teachers. Sense of belonging is a critical psychological need and a powerful predictor of academic motivation, engagement, mental health, and persistence, particularly for students from underrepresented groups.	The Student Engagement Scale (SES) measures the extent to which students are actively involved in academic and social aspects of school or university life. Grounded in Fredricks et al.'s multidimensional framework, the instrument assesses behavioral engagement (participation, attendance, effort), emotional engagement (interest, belonging, enthusiasm), and cognitive engagement (mental effort, deep thinking, persistence). High engagement is consistently associated with better learning outcomes and well-being.