השוואת שיטות
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| משתנים אינסטרומנטליים (IV) במחקר חינוך× | הפרש-בהפרשים (דיד)× | |
|---|---|---|
| תחום≠ | הסקה סיבתית | אקונומטריקה |
| משפחה | Regression model | Regression model |
| שנת המקור≠ | 1991 (canonical education application) | 1994 |
| הוגה השיטה≠ | Angrist & Krueger (canonical 1991 education application); grounded in IV theory by Wright (1928) | Card & Krueger (canonical 1994 application); Angrist & Pischke (textbook treatment) |
| סוג≠ | Quasi-experimental causal identification | Causal inference / panel regression |
| מקור מכונן≠ | Angrist, J. D., & Krueger, A. B. (1991). Does Compulsory School Attendance Affect Schooling and Earnings? Quarterly Journal of Economics, 106(4), 979-1014. DOI ↗ | Angrist, J. D., & Pischke, J.-S. (2009). Mostly Harmless Econometrics: An Empiricist's Companion. Princeton University Press. ISBN: 978-0691120355 |
| כינויים≠ | IV in education, 2SLS in education, education IV, school IV estimation | diff-in-diff, DiD, Farkların Farkı (Diff-in-Diff) |
| קשורות | 5 | 5 |
| תקציר≠ | Instrumental variables (IV) estimation is a quasi-experimental strategy for isolating the causal effect of schooling or educational interventions when assignment to treatment is confounded by unobserved factors. Pioneered in education economics by Angrist and Krueger's use of quarter-of-birth as an instrument for compulsory schooling, IV finds a source of exogenous variation in exposure to education and uses only that variation to estimate outcomes such as earnings, test scores, or attainment. | Difference-in-Differences is a causal-inference method that estimates the effect of an intervention by comparing how a treatment group and a control group change over time. Made famous by Card and Krueger's 1994 minimum-wage study and developed in Angrist and Pischke's Mostly Harmless Econometrics, it isolates the treatment effect as the difference between the two groups' before-after changes. |
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