השוואת שיטות

	Glass Ceiling Index	רגרסיית קוונטילים
תחום	Gender Studies	אקונומטריקה
משפחה	Process / pipeline	Regression model
שנת המקור	2001	1978
הוגה השיטה	David Cotter, Joan Hermsen, Seth Ovadia & Reeve Vanneman	Koenker & Bassett
סוג	Distributional gender-gap criterion / index	Conditional quantile regression
מקור מכונן	Cotter, D. A., Hermsen, J. M., Ovadia, S., & Vanneman, R. (2001). The glass ceiling effect. Social Forces, 80(2), 655–681.	Koenker, R. & Bassett, G., Jr. (1978). Regression Quantiles. Econometrica, 46(1), 33-50.
כינויים	Glass Ceiling Measure, Glass-Ceiling Effect Index, Glass Ceiling Coefficient	conditional quantile regression, regression quantiles, Kantil Regresyon
קשורות	4	5
תקציר	The glass ceiling index and related distributional measures quantify the 'glass ceiling' — the tendency for gender disadvantage to intensify toward the top of a wage distribution or organisational hierarchy. Cotter and colleagues (2001) set out formal criteria distinguishing a true ceiling from a general gap, while labour economists operationalise it as a widening female–male gap at high quantiles of earnings, and popular indices (such as The Economist's) rank countries by women's representation in senior roles, pay, and leadership.	Quantile regression models conditional quantiles of an outcome - the median, the 25th or 75th percentile, and so on - rather than the conditional mean that OLS targets. Introduced by Koenker and Bassett in 1978, it reveals how predictors act across the whole distribution, including its tails.