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	Vehicle Routing Problem	Programmation en nombres entiers
Domaine	Optimisation	Optimisation
Famille	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Année d'origine	1959	1958
Auteur d'origine	George Dantzig & John Ramser	Ralph Gomory (cutting planes, 1958); land-and-doig branch-and-bound (1960)
Type	Combinatorial optimization problem	Mathematical optimisation — exact combinatorial method
Source fondatrice	Dantzig, G. B., & Ramser, J. H. (1959). The truck dispatching problem. Management Science, 6(1), 80–91.	Wolsey, L.A. (1998). Integer Programming. Wiley. ISBN: 9780471283669
Alias	Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem, Fleet Routing Problem, Multi-Vehicle Routing Problem, Araç Rotalama Problemi	IP, MIP, mixed-integer programming, mixed-integer linear programming
Apparentées	3	4
Résumé	The Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) seeks the minimum-cost set of routes for a fleet of vehicles to serve a collection of geographically dispersed customers, each with a known demand, departing from and returning to a central depot. Originally formulated as the Truck Dispatching Problem by Dantzig and Ramser in 1959, VRP is a foundational model in logistics, supply chain management, and operations research, applicable whenever goods or services must be delivered efficiently across multiple stops.	Integer programming (IP), also called mixed-integer programming (MIP) when only some variables are restricted to whole numbers, is a branch of mathematical optimisation in which some or all decision variables must take integer or binary values. Building on linear programming, it was formalised through Ralph Gomory's cutting-plane method (1958) and the Land-and-Doig branch-and-bound algorithm (1960), and it has since become the standard exact framework for scheduling, assignment, routing, and resource-allocation problems.