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	Maîtrise Statistique des Procédés	Diagramme de contrôle
Domaine	Plans d'expériences	Plans d'expériences
Famille	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Année d'origine	1924–1931	1924 (first use); 1931 (seminal book)
Auteur d'origine	Walter A. Shewhart	Walter A. Shewhart (Bell Labs)
Type	Process monitoring and quality control method	Statistical monitoring and control technique
Source fondatrice	Shewhart, W. A. (1931). Economic Control of Quality of Manufactured Product. Van Nostrand. ISBN: 978-0873890762	Shewhart, W. A. (1931). Economic Control of Quality of Manufactured Product. Van Nostrand.
Alias	SPC, statistical quality control, process control charting, Shewhart control	Shewhart chart, process-behavior chart, SPC chart, quality control chart
Apparentées	6	6
Résumé	Statistical Process Control (SPC) is a data-driven quality method that uses statistical techniques — primarily control charts — to monitor a manufacturing or service process over time. By distinguishing natural process variation (common cause) from unusual, actionable variation (special cause), SPC enables practitioners to maintain processes in a stable, predictable state and to detect problems early, before defective output reaches customers.	A control chart is a time-series graph with statistically derived upper and lower control limits that separates the natural, random variation of a process (common cause) from unusual, assignable variation (special cause). Invented by Walter Shewhart at Bell Labs in 1924, control charts remain the foundational tool of Statistical Process Control and are used across manufacturing, healthcare, software, and service industries to monitor whether a process remains stable and predictable over time.