Comparer des méthodes

	Analyse du fonctionnement différentiel des items (DIF) pour les formes abrégées	Théorie de la réponse aux items (TRI)
Domaine	Psychométrie	Psychométrie
Famille	Latent structure	Latent structure
Année d'origine	1970s–1990s (DIF); short-form context developed in parallel with scale abbreviation literature	1952–1968
Auteur d'origine	Angoff, W. H. and subsequent DIF methodologists	Frederic M. Lord (and Allan Birnbaum for the 2PL/3PL models)
Type	Item bias / measurement fairness analysis	Probabilistic measurement model
Source fondatrice	Millsap, R. E. (2012). Statistical Approaches to Measurement Invariance. Routledge. ISBN: 978-0-8058-4507-0	Lord, F. M. & Novick, M. R. (1968). Statistical Theories of Mental Test Scores. Addison-Wesley.
Alias	Short-form DIF, abbreviated scale DIF, DIF in short forms, short-scale DIF detection	IRT, latent trait theory, item characteristic curve theory, modern test theory
Apparentées	6	5
Résumé	Short-form differential item functioning (DIF) analysis examines whether individual items in an abbreviated scale function equivalently across demographic or subgroup comparisons. When a scale is shortened, retained items must still behave fairly for all relevant groups — DIF analysis verifies this, ensuring that score differences reflect true ability or trait differences rather than item bias.	Item response theory models the probability that a respondent answers an item correctly (or endorses it) as a function of the respondent's latent trait level and the item's own statistical properties — difficulty, discrimination, and guessing. Unlike classical test theory, IRT places persons and items on the same scale, yielding measurement that is sample-independent for items and test-independent for persons.