Comparer des méthodes

	Test de McDonald-Kreitman	Statistiques F (FST)
Domaine	Génétique	Génétique
Famille	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Année d'origine	1991	1951
Auteur d'origine	James McDonald & Martin Kreitman	Sewall Wright
Type	Hypothesis test	Population differentiation measure
Source fondatrice	McDonald, J. H., & Kreitman, M. (1991). Adaptive protein evolution at the Adh locus in Drosophila. Nature, 351(6328), 652–654.	Wright, S. (1951). The genetical structure of populations. Annals of Eugenics, 15(4), 323–354.
Alias	MK test, Positive selection test	FST, Wright's F-statistics, Population differentiation index
Apparentées	4	4
Résumé	The McDonald-Kreitman (MK) test is a statistical method for detecting adaptive evolution by comparing ratios of synonymous and nonsynonymous substitutions within and between species. Developed by James McDonald and Martin Kreitman in 1991, this test exploits the key insight that neutral mutations accumulate at similar rates within and between species, while adaptive (nonsynonymous) substitutions should be enriched between species if they have been fixed by positive selection. The MK test has become a standard tool in molecular evolutionary biology for identifying genes under natural selection.	F-statistics are a family of measures developed by Sewall Wright to quantify population genetic structure and the degree of genetic differentiation between populations. FST, the most widely used F-statistic, measures the proportion of total genetic variation attributable to differences between populations versus within populations. FST ranges from zero (no differentiation) to one (complete differentiation). These statistics have become fundamental tools for understanding population structure, detecting population admixture, and analyzing the evolutionary forces shaping genetic variation.