Comparer des méthodes

	Modélisation Linéaire Hiérarchique (HLM / Modélisation Multiniveaux)	Modèle à effets mixtes	Analyse de variance à un facteur
Domaine	Statistique	Statistique	Statistique
Famille	Hypothesis test	Regression model	Hypothesis test
Année d'origine	1986	1982	1925
Auteur d'origine	Raudenbush & Bryk (popularized); Goldstein (parallel development)	Laird & Ware	Ronald A. Fisher
Type	Parametric nested-data regression	Mixed effects regression	Parametric mean comparison
Source fondatrice	Raudenbush, S.W. & Bryk, A.S. (2002). Hierarchical Linear Models: Applications and Data Analysis Methods (2nd ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-0761919049	Laird, N. M., & Ware, J. H. (1982). Random-effects models for longitudinal data. Biometrics, 38(4), 963–974.	Fisher, R. A. (1925). Statistical Methods for Research Workers. Edinburgh: Oliver and Boyd.
Alias	HLM, MLM, multilevel modeling, multilevel analysis	LME, LMM, mixed model, random effects model	one-factor ANOVA, single-factor ANOVA, analysis of variance, tek yönlü ANOVA
Apparentées	4	4	4
Résumé	Hierarchical Linear Modeling (HLM), also known as Multilevel Modeling (MLM), is a parametric statistical method for analyzing nested or clustered data — for example students within classrooms, patients within hospitals, or employees within organizations. Formalized by Raudenbush and Bryk in their 2002 seminal text (building on work from the mid-1980s), HLM simultaneously estimates individual-level and group-level effects while correctly partitioning variance across levels.	A mixed effects model (or linear mixed model) extends ordinary regression by including both fixed effects — population-level parameters shared by all observations — and random effects that capture subject-, group-, or cluster-level variability. It is the standard tool for repeated-measures, longitudinal, and multilevel data where observations within the same unit are correlated.	One-way ANOVA is a parametric hypothesis test that compares the means of three or more independent groups on a single continuous outcome to decide whether at least one group mean differs. It rests on the variance-partitioning framework introduced by Ronald A. Fisher in 1925.