Comparer des méthodes

	Indice I de Moran global	Autocorrélation spatiale
Domaine	Analyse spatiale	Analyse spatiale
Famille	Regression model	Regression model
Année d'origine	1950	1950
Auteur d'origine	Patrick Alfred Pierce Moran	P. A. P. Moran (global measure, 1950); Roy Geary (Geary's C, 1954); Luc Anselin (LISA, 1995)
Type	Global spatial autocorrelation test / index	Spatial statistic / exploratory spatial data analysis
Source fondatrice	Moran, P. A. P. (1950). Notes on continuous stochastic phenomena. Biometrika, 37(1/2), 17–23.	Moran, P. A. P. (1950). Notes on continuous stochastic phenomena. Biometrika, 37(1/2), 17–23.
Alias	Moran's I, global spatial autocorrelation index, Moran index, GMI	spatial dependence, geographic autocorrelation, spatial clustering measure, SA
Apparentées	6	5
Résumé	Global Moran's I is the most widely used single-number summary of spatial autocorrelation across an entire study area. It compares the attribute value at each location with values at neighbouring locations using a spatial weights matrix, and returns a statistic ranging from −1 (perfect dispersion) through 0 (spatial randomness) to +1 (perfect clustering). A significance test determines whether the observed pattern is stronger than random chance.	Spatial autocorrelation quantifies the degree to which a variable's values at nearby locations resemble each other more (positive autocorrelation) or less (negative autocorrelation) than expected by chance. Global indices such as Moran's I summarise the pattern across the entire study area, while local variants reveal clusters and outliers at the level of individual observations.