Comparer des méthodes

	Covariance des tourbillons	Vent thermique
Domaine	Météorologie	Météorologie
Famille	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Année d'origine	1951	1920s
Auteur d'origine	Swinbank	Jacobbian insights from geostrophic flow
Type	Micrometeorological flux measurement	Wind-temperature relationship
Source fondatrice	Baldocchi, D. (2003). Assessing the eddy covariance technique for evaluating carbon dioxide fluxes of ecosystems: past, present and future. Global Change Biology, 9(4), 479-492.	Holton, J. R. (2004). An Introduction to Dynamic Meteorology (4th ed.). Academic Press.
Alias	Eddy covariance, EC flux, Eddy correlation, Direct flux measurement	Thermal wind, Vertical wind shear, Barotropic
Apparentées	3	3
Résumé	The eddy covariance method is a direct, micrometeorological technique that measures turbulent fluxes of momentum, heat, water vapor, and CO2 by computing the covariance between high-frequency fluctuations of wind velocity and scalar properties (temperature, humidity, concentration). It is the gold standard for measuring ecosystem-atmosphere exchanges and validating model parameterizations.	The thermal wind relationship is a fundamental meteorological principle that links vertical wind shear to horizontal temperature gradients. It states that wind speed increases with height in the direction of warming—a direct consequence of hydrostatic and geostrophic balance combined with the ideal gas law.