Comparer des méthodes

	Microsimulation déterministe	Microsimulation stochastique
Domaine	Simulation	Simulation
Famille	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Année d'origine	1957	1957
Auteur d'origine	Guy H. Orcutt	Guy H. Orcutt
Type	Individual-level deterministic rule application	Stochastic individual-level simulation
Source fondatrice	Orcutt, G. H. (1957). A new type of socio-economic system. Review of Economics and Statistics, 39(2), 116–123.	Orcutt, G. H. (1957). A new type of socio-economic system. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 39(2), 116–123.
Alias	Arithmetic Microsimulation, Static Tax-Benefit Microsimulation, Deterministic Policy Simulation, Rule-based Microsimulation	Probabilistic Microsimulation, Monte Carlo Microsimulation, Stochastic Micro-simulation, SMSM
Apparentées	5	6
Résumé	Deterministic Microsimulation applies a fixed set of policy rules or behavioral equations to each individual or household record in a microdata file, computing exact outcomes without any random sampling. It is the standard engine behind tax-benefit calculators and demographic projection models used by governments worldwide.	Stochastic Microsimulation tracks a large population of individual units — people, households, or firms — through time by applying random draws from empirically estimated probability distributions at each transition event. Unlike deterministic counterparts, every state change is decided by chance, preserving realistic heterogeneity and allowing rigorous uncertainty quantification across multiple simulation runs.