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| Fraction d'ouverture du couvert× | Modèle de feu de Rothermel× | |
|---|---|---|
| Domaine | Foresterie | Foresterie |
| Famille | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Année d'origine≠ | 1979 | 1972 |
| Auteur d'origine≠ | John Norman | Richard Rothermel |
| Type≠ | measurement pipeline | fire propagation model |
| Source fondatrice≠ | Machado, J.-L., & Reich, P. B. (1999). Evaluation of several measures of canopy openness. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 29(9), 1439–1444. link ↗ | Rothermel, R. C. (1972). A mathematical model for predicting fire spread in wildland fuels. Research Paper INT-115, USDA Forest Service Intermountain Research Station. link ↗ |
| Alias | gap fraction, canopy openness | fire spread model, BEHAVE model |
| Apparentées≠ | 2 | 3 |
| Résumé≠ | Canopy gap fraction quantifies the proportion of sky visible through the forest canopy, expressed as a percentage. Developed to measure light availability in the understory, it is a standard metric in forest ecology for characterizing canopy structure and microhabitat conditions. This measure is essential for understanding light-limited photosynthesis and seedling establishment in closed-canopy forests. | The Rothermel fire spread model, developed by Richard Rothermel in 1972, is a mechanistic mathematical model that predicts the rate of fire spread through surface fuels using fuel characteristics, weather, and topography. It forms the theoretical foundation of the BEHAVE fire modeling system used operationally by fire agencies worldwide. The model integrates principles from combustion physics, heat transfer, and fuel science to quantify how fire intensity, fuel moisture, wind, and slope interact to drive wildfire propagation. |
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