Vertaile menetelmiä

	Monitasoinen ryväsotanta	Stratifioitu otanta
Tieteenala	Kyselytutkimuksen metodologia	Kyselytutkimuksen metodologia
Menetelmäperhe	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Syntyvuosi	1950s-1970s (cluster sampling); multilevel extension formalized 1980s-1990s	1977
Kehittäjä	W. G. Cochran (cluster sampling foundations); extended into multilevel contexts by survey methodologists	William G. Cochran
Tyyppi	Probability sampling design	Probability-based survey sampling design
Alkuperäislähde	Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling Techniques (3rd ed.). Wiley. ISBN: 978-0471162407	Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling Techniques (3rd ed.). Wiley. ISBN: 978-0-471-16240-7
Rinnakkaisnimet	hierarchical cluster sampling, nested cluster sampling, multi-stage cluster sampling, clustered multilevel sampling	Proportional Stratified Sampling, Optimal Allocation Sampling, Stratum-Based Sampling, Tabakalı Örnekleme
Liittyvät	6	2
Tiivistelmä	Multi-level cluster sampling is a probability sampling design for hierarchically structured populations — such as students nested within classrooms within schools within districts. Clusters are randomly selected at each level of the hierarchy before individual units are sampled within the final-level clusters. The design mirrors the natural nesting of real-world populations and enables efficient large-scale data collection while supporting multilevel statistical analysis.	Stratified sampling is a probability sampling design in which the target population is partitioned into non-overlapping, exhaustive subgroups called strata, and independent probability samples are drawn within each stratum. Formalized by William G. Cochran in Sampling Techniques (1977), the method exploits known population structure to reduce variance and guarantee representativeness of all major subgroups, making it a cornerstone of large-scale survey research and official statistics.