مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	مطالعه رویداد پانل فضایی	تفاوت-در-تفاوت فضایی (Spatial DiD)
حوزه	استنتاج علّی	استنتاج علّی
خانواده	Regression model	Regression model
سال پیدایش	2010s–2020s	2015
پدیدآور	Synthesized from spatial econometrics and panel event-study literatures; formalized in applied work in the 2010s–2020s	Delgado & Florax
نوع	Quasi-experimental causal inference	Quasi-experimental estimator
منبع بنیادین	Sun, L., & Callaway, B. (2021). Difference-in-differences estimators of intertemporal treatment effects. arXiv:2109.10157.	Delgado, M. S., & Florax, R. J. G. M. (2015). Difference-in-differences techniques for spatial data: Local autocorrelation and spatial interaction. Economics Letters, 126, 35–40.
نام‌های دیگر	spatial event study, spatial DiD event study, geo-panel event study, spatial panel ES	Spatial DiD, Geo-DiD, Difference-in-Differences with Spatial Autocorrelation, Mekansal Fark-içinde-Farklar
مرتبط	4	3
خلاصه	Spatial panel event study extends the classical panel event-study design to settings where units are geographically located and outcomes may spill over across space. By combining event-time indicators with spatial weights matrices, it estimates dynamic treatment effects while explicitly accounting for spatial autocorrelation, geographic spillovers, and cross-unit contamination that would bias conventional event studies.	Spatial Difference-in-Differences (Spatial DiD) extends the classical DiD estimator to settings where observations are geo-referenced and outcomes may be spatially autocorrelated or subject to spillover effects. Introduced by Delgado and Florax (2015), the method augments the standard two-way fixed-effects DiD regression with a spatial lag or spatial error term, yielding unbiased treatment-effect estimates even when policy shocks propagate across geographic units. It is used by economists, regional scientists, and urban planners evaluating place-based interventions such as infrastructure investment, environmental regulations, or zoning reforms.