مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	تفاوت-در-تفاوت فضایی (Spatial DiD)	مدل وقفه فضایی (SAR / خودرگرسیون فضایی)
حوزه	استنتاج علّی	تحلیل فضایی
خانواده	Regression model	Regression model
سال پیدایش	2015	1988
پدیدآور	Delgado & Florax	Anselin (textbook formalisation); LeSage & Pace
نوع	Quasi-experimental estimator	Spatial autoregressive regression
منبع بنیادین	Delgado, M. S., & Florax, R. J. G. M. (2015). Difference-in-differences techniques for spatial data: Local autocorrelation and spatial interaction. Economics Letters, 126, 35–40.	Anselin, L. (1988). Spatial Econometrics: Methods and Models. Kluwer Academic.
نام‌های دیگر	Spatial DiD, Geo-DiD, Difference-in-Differences with Spatial Autocorrelation, Mekansal Fark-içinde-Farklar	SAR model, spatial autoregressive model, spatial lag, Uzamsal Gecikme Modeli (SAR / Spatial Lag)
مرتبط	3	5
خلاصه	Spatial Difference-in-Differences (Spatial DiD) extends the classical DiD estimator to settings where observations are geo-referenced and outcomes may be spatially autocorrelated or subject to spillover effects. Introduced by Delgado and Florax (2015), the method augments the standard two-way fixed-effects DiD regression with a spatial lag or spatial error term, yielding unbiased treatment-effect estimates even when policy shocks propagate across geographic units. It is used by economists, regional scientists, and urban planners evaluating place-based interventions such as infrastructure investment, environmental regulations, or zoning reforms.	The Spatial Lag Model is an autoregressive regression that assumes spatial dependence in the dependent variable itself: the outcome values of neighbouring units enter the model as an explanatory term (ρWy). It was formalised in Anselin's Spatial Econometrics (1988) and developed further by LeSage and Pace (2009), and it decomposes spillover effects into direct, indirect, and total impacts.