مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	روش فضای قاعده (Rule Space Methodology)	آزمون تطبیقی رایانه‌ای تشخیصی شناختی	مدل DINO	تحلیل کیفی مقایسه‌ای مجموعه‌های فازی
حوزه	روان‌سنجی	روان‌سنجی	روان‌سنجی	روان‌سنجی
خانواده	Latent structure	Latent structure	Latent structure	Latent structure
سال پیدایش	1983	2007	2006	2000
پدیدآور	Kikumi K. Tatsuoka	Xueli Xu, Jean-Paul Fox	James Templin, Russell Henson	Charles Ragin
نوع	IRT-based diagnostic classification	Skill-adaptive testing with psychometric diagnostic classification	Disjunctive latent class model	Set-theoretic configurational method
منبع بنیادین	Hartz, S. M. (2002). A Bayesian framework for the unified treatment of assessing dimensionality, assessing local dependence, and estimating ability for unidimensional and multidimensional item response data. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.	Choi, K. M., Lee, Y. S., & Park, Y. S. (2015). What CDM can tell about examinees' strengths and weaknesses: Cognitive diagnostic information in TIMSS. Journal of Educational Evaluation for Policy Analysis, 24(1), 79-100.	Templin, J., & Henson, R. A. (2006). Measurement of psychological disorders using cognitive diagnosis models. Psychological Methods, 11(3), 287-305.	Ragin, C. C. (2008). Redesigning Social Inquiry: Fuzzy Sets and Beyond. University of Chicago Press.
نام‌های دیگر	RSM	CD-CAT	DINO	fsQCA, FSQCA
مرتبط	5	5	4	4
خلاصه	Rule Space Methodology (RSM) is a diagnostic classification approach developed by Tatsuoka (1983) that uses Item Response Theory and geometric methods to classify examinees into knowledge states based on their response patterns. Unlike classical scoring, RSM identifies which specific skills or competencies an examinee possesses or lacks, enabling targeted educational interventions.	Cognitive Diagnostic Computerized Adaptive Testing (CD-CAT) combines computerized adaptive testing (CAT) with cognitive diagnostic models (CDMs) to efficiently assess students' specific skill profiles. Rather than producing a single overall ability score, CD-CAT adaptively selects items to quickly identify which skills a student has mastered and which need development.	The DINO Model (Deterministic Inputs, Noisy Outputs—Disjunctive) is a cognitive diagnostic model that relaxes DINA's conjunctive (AND) skill requirement logic. DINO assumes an examinee only needs to master one of multiple possible skill pathways to answer an item correctly, making it suitable for scenarios where skills are substitutable or alternative routes to success exist.	Fuzzy-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) is a set-theoretic method developed by Charles Ragin in the early 2000s that combines the configurational logic of qualitative case studies with the mathematical rigor of fuzzy sets. It bridges qualitative and quantitative research by allowing researchers to examine causal complexity through combinations of conditions (configurations) rather than isolated variables.