مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	اعتبار تمایز قوی	مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری (SEM)
حوزه	روان‌سنجی	آمار پژوهش
خانواده	Latent structure	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	1959 (foundational); 2015 (HTMT criterion)	1921
پدیدآور	Henseler, Ringle & Sarstedt (HTMT); Campbell & Fiske (foundational framework)	Sewall Wright
نوع	Validity assessment / measurement quality criterion	Method
منبع بنیادین	Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M. & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115–135.	Jöreskog, K. G., & Sörbom, D. (1973). LISREL: A general computer program for estimating a linear structural equation system. Research Bulletin 73-5. University of Stockholm.
نام‌های دیگر	HTMT criterion, heterotrait-monotrait ratio, discriminant validity testing, RDV	SEM, path analysis, latent variable modeling, causal modeling
مرتبط	4	3
خلاصه	Robust discriminant validity assessment determines whether distinct latent constructs in a measurement model are sufficiently different from one another. Unlike traditional AVE-based approaches, robust methods such as the Heterotrait-Monotrait (HTMT) ratio use the pattern of inter-indicator correlations to provide a more sensitive and simulation-validated criterion for judging discriminant validity in structural equation modeling contexts.	Structural equation modeling (SEM) is a comprehensive statistical framework combining path analysis (Sewall Wright, 1921) and confirmatory factor analysis to test complex causal models linking observed and latent variables. Formalized by Jöreskog (1973) with LISREL software, SEM enables simultaneous estimation of measurement relationships (how variables measure latent constructs) and structural relationships (how constructs influence outcomes), making it powerful for theory testing in psychology, epidemiology, organizational research, and health sciences where complex mediation, moderation, and latent processes require integrated analysis.