مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	مدل‌سازی زمینه‌ی خطر	تحلیل پیوند جرائم
حوزه	علوم جنایی	علوم جنایی
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	2011	2002
پدیدآور	Joel Caplan	Craig Bennell
نوع	Geographic information systems and crime science method	Crime science and offender profiling method
منبع بنیادین	Caplan, J. M., Kennedy, L. W., & Miller, J. (2011). Risk terrain modeling: Brokering criminological theory and GIS methods for crime forecasting. Journal of Research and Practice in Criminal Justice, 17(1), 56-69.	Bennell, C., Canter, D. V., & Alison, L. J. (2002). Linking commercial burglaries by modus operandi: Tests using regression and ROC analysis. Science and Justice, 42(3), 153-164.
نام‌های دیگر	environmental criminology, RTM analysis, crime risk mapping	case linkage, offender linking, serial crime attribution
مرتبط	3	3
خلاصه	Risk Terrain Modeling (RTM) is a geospatial crime prediction method that identifies high-risk locations by analyzing environmental and geographic features that attract or facilitate crime. Developed by Joel Caplan, Lichen Kennedy, and James Miller in 2011, RTM bridges environmental criminology theory with geographic information systems (GIS) to create predictive risk maps. Unlike methods that predict offender location (e.g., geographic profiling), RTM predicts where crimes are likely to occur based on terrain characteristics, infrastructure, and social environmental factors.	Crime linkage analysis is a forensic method that determines whether a series of crimes were committed by the same offender based on behavioral and modus operandi (MO) similarities. Developed systematically by Craig Bennell and colleagues in the early 2000s, crime linkage applies statistical and similarity-matching techniques to establish offender attribution. The method is essential in serial crime investigation, where establishing linkage enables consolidation of investigation resources, geographic profiling, and offender-focused surveillance.