مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	Psychosocial Impact of Assistive Devices Scale	Capability Approach to Disability
حوزه	Disability Studies	Disability Studies
خانواده	Latent structure	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	2002	2006
پدیدآور	Jeffrey Jutai & Hy Day	Sophie Mitra (building on Amartya Sen)
نوع	Assistive-device psychosocial-impact measurement scale	Conceptual framework operationalized for disability measurement
منبع بنیادین	Jutai, J., & Day, H. (2002). Psychosocial Impact of Assistive Devices Scale (PIADS). Technology and Disability, 14(3), 107-111.	Mitra, S. (2006). The Capability Approach and Disability. Journal of Disability Policy Studies, 16(4), 236-247.
نام‌های دیگر	PIADS, Psychosocial Impact of Assistive Devices Scale, Assistive Device Psychosocial Impact Measure	Capability Approach and Disability, Capability Model of Disability, Sen Capability Approach for Disability, Capability Deprivation Analysis of Disability
مرتبط	3	3
خلاصه	The Psychosocial Impact of Assistive Devices Scale (PIADS) measures how an assistive device affects a user's quality of life, not whether they are satisfied with it or what it lets them physically do. Developed by Jeffrey Jutai and Hy Day, the 26-item self-report scale captures the device's perceived effect across three dimensions: competence (feelings of efficacy and usefulness), adaptability (willingness to try new things and take part), and self-esteem (emotional well-being and confidence). Each item is rated on a bipolar scale from a strong decrease to a strong increase, so the instrument registers whether a device improves, leaves unchanged, or harms the user's psychosocial functioning — a distinctively quality-of-life-oriented assistive-technology outcome.	The capability approach to disability, articulated by Sophie Mitra in 2006 by adapting Amartya Sen's capability framework, defines disability as a deprivation of capabilities or functionings that arises from the interaction between a person's characteristics (including impairment), their resources, and the personal, social, and environmental conversion factors that turn resources into real opportunities. Rather than locating disability in the body (the medical model) or solely in society (the strong social model), it locates disability in the gap between what a person is actually able to do and be and what they could do and be. This reframing gives disability studies a measurement-friendly account that distinguishes potential from actual disability.