مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	پرسشنامه حافظه آینده‌نگر و گذشته‌نگر	پرسشنامه خطاهای شناختی
حوزه	عصب‌روان‌شناسی	عصب‌روان‌شناسی
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	2003	1982
پدیدآور	John Crawford	Donald Broadbent
نوع	Self-report questionnaire of prospective and retrospective memory complaints	Self-report questionnaire of everyday cognitive failures
منبع بنیادین	Crawford, J. R., Smith, G., Maylor, E. A., Della Sala, S., & Logie, R. H. (2003). The Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire (PRMQ): Normative data and latent structure in a large non-clinical sample. Memory, 11(3), 261-275.	Broadbent, D. E., Cooper, P. F., FitzGerald, P., & Parkes, K. R. (1982). The Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ) and its correlates. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 21(1), 1-16.
نام‌های دیگر	PRMQ, Prospective Retrospective Memory Questionnaire	CFQ, Cognitive Failures Scale
مرتبط	5	5
خلاصه	The Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire (PRMQ) is a 16-item self-report instrument designed to measure subjective memory complaints across two distinct memory domains: prospective memory (remembering to do things in the future) and retrospective memory (remembering past events and information). Developed by Crawford and colleagues at the University of Edinburgh in 2003, the PRMQ provides a brief, validated tool for assessing everyday memory lapses and their impact on functional well-being in both clinical and non-clinical populations.	The Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ) is a 25-item self-report instrument designed to measure the frequency of everyday cognitive lapses and failures in memory, attention, and action slips. Developed by Broadbent and colleagues at the University of Oxford in 1982, the CFQ assesses subjective cognitive complaints in the general population and across diverse clinical and occupational settings. Higher scores reflect more frequent subjective cognitive failures and are associated with stress, fatigue, mood disturbance, and, in some populations, objective cognitive impairment.